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2. Abstract Class in Java In Java, an abstract class cannot be instantiated and is meant to be extended by other classes. It provides a common base and allows some methods to be abstract, so subclasses implement them. Can have abstract methods (no body) Can have concrete methods (with body) Can have constructors, fields, and static methods Can implement interfaces Declared with the abstract keyword Key Points Classes with abstract methods must be declared abstract Abstract methods end with a semicolon, no body Subclasses must override abstract methods or be abstract Abstract classes can have constructors Syntax abstract class ClassName { abstract void display(); // abstract method void show() { // concrete method System.out.println("Concrete method"); } } Example abstract class Animal { abstract void sound(); void sleep() { System.out.println("Sleeping..."); } } class ...

Java Inner Classes Guide: Types, Examples & Best Practices | YourBlogName Java Inner Classes: Complete Guide with Examples Java Inner Classes (Non-static Nested Classes) and Local Inner Classes are powerful features that enhance encapsulation, improve code organization, and increase readability. This comprehensive guide covers their syntax, practical usage, and best practices with clear examples. Key Takeaway: Inner classes help logically group classes that are only used in one place, while local inner classes are perfect for method-specific implementations that shouldn't be visible elsewhere. 1. Inner Class (Non-static Nested Class) What is an Inner Class? An Inner Class is a non-static nested class that's defined within another class. It has full access to all members of its enclosing class, including private m...

Singleton Class in Java – Definition, Syntax, and Example Singleton Class in Java – Definition, Syntax, and Example The Singleton Class in Java is a design pattern that ensures only one instance of a class exists throughout the application. This is particularly useful when exactly one object is needed to coordinate actions across the system. Definition A Singleton Class is a class that allows only a single instance to be created and provides a global point of access to that instance. Key Points of Singleton Class Only one instance of the class is created. Provides a global access point. Can be implemented using Eager Initialization or Lazy Initialization . Thread safety is important for multi-threaded applications. Syntax class Singleton { // Private static instance private static Singleton singleInstance = null; // Private constructor to prevent instantiation private Singleton() { ...

Static Nested Class in Java | Definition, Syntax, Example & FAQs Static Nested Class in Java Definition A Static Nested Class in Java is a nested class declared with the static keyword. It acts as a static member of the outer class. It is a static member of the outer class. Unlike inner classes, it does not require an instance of the outer class to be instantiated. It can only access static members of the outer class directly. Key Points Declared using the static keyword inside another class. Can directly access static data members of the outer class. Cannot access non-static members of the outer class without creating an object. Useful for logicall...

POJO Class in Java - Definition, Syntax, Examples, FAQ & Related Links 4. POJO Class (Plain Old Java Object) Definition A POJO (Plain Old Java Object) is a simple Java class that follows a few basic rules and is mainly used to represent data. It does not follow any special Java model or framework conventions. POJOs make code easier to read, maintain, and test. Characteristics of a POJO Class Private fields – Data members should be private. Public getters and setters – Used to access and modify the fields. No-argument constructor – Usually included for flexibility. No extends or implements – Should not extend predefined classes or implement unnecessary interfaces (unless needed for business logic). Serializable (optional) – Can implement Serializable for object persistence. Syntax of a POJO Class public class Student { private String name; private int age; // No-argument constructor public Student() {} // Parameterized construct...

Java Final Class: Key Points, Examples, FAQs & Related Links | YourBlogName Java Final Class: Complete Guide with Examples In Java, the final keyword can be applied to classes, methods, and variables. When a class is declared final , it cannot be extended (inherited) by any other class. This ensures the class implementation remains unchanged and secure. Key Points of Final Class Cannot be inherited – No other class can extend a final class. Prevents modification – Its implementation remains unchanged. All methods are final – Methods cannot be overridden in child classes. Used for immutability – Often used to create immutable classes (e.g., String ). Improves security – Prevents alteration of critical code. Declared using the final keyword. Syntax final class ClassName { // fields and methods } Example // Final class final class Vehicle { void display...

2. Abstract Class in Java In Java, an abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated (you cannot create objects of it) and is meant to be extended by other classes . It provides a common base for multiple classes, allowing some methods to remain undefined ( abstract methods ) so subclasses can provide their own implementations. An abstract class: Can have abstract methods (methods without a body). Can have non-abstract methods (methods with a body). Can have constructors , fields , and static methods . Can implement interfaces . Must be declared using the keyword abstract . Key Points If a class has at least one abstract method , it must be declared abstract . Abstract methods do not have a body and end with a semicolon. A subclass extending an abstract class must override all abstract methods or be declared abstract itself. Abstract classes can have constructors called when a subclass object is created. Syntax abstract class Clas...

Java OOPs Concepts - Class in Java with Syntax, Examples & Key Points Java OOPs Concepts Java OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming) Concepts Class Object Inheritance Polymorphism Abstraction Encapsulation 1. Class in Java A class in Java is a blueprint or template for creating objects. It defines fields (variables) and methods that represent the properties and behaviors of the object. Think of a class like a house blueprint — it defines the design (rooms, doors, windows), but the actual house is the object built from that blueprint. Syntax of a Class class ClassName { // Fields (variables) dataType variableName; // Methods (functions) returnType methodName(parameters) { // method body } } Example – Creating and Using a Class // Defining a class class Car { // Fields (Properties) ...